Abstract
The research aims to shed light on the current roles of NGOs in promoting CSR practice through collaboration between non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and businesses about Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives in Vietnam where the government does not enforce CSR initiatives. Semi-structured interviews have been conducted with 23 NGOs over a four-month period from September 2021 to December 2021, utilizing online platforms including Microsoft Teams, Google Meet, Zoom, and Skype, due to the Covid-19 pandemic. From a theoretical perspective, the research provides evidence that NGOs have a crucial role in enhancing the CSR practices of businesses in Vietnam which generates an ecosystem networking connecting related actors such as businesses, government, other NGOs, supply chain, international donors, community, working groups as well as banking institutions and innovative companies. From a practical perspective, there are several valuable insights for NGOs, businesses, and the government to enhance their capacity for implementing effective policies.