Abstract
Emerging technologies in engineering biology (biotech) and agricultural technology (agri-tech) offer solutions to global challenges such as food security and sustainability. Despite a world-class innovation system, commercialising and scaling these technologies in the UK remains challenging. This study maps the ‘soft’ and ‘hard’ infrastructure in both sectors, analysing barriers and opportunities through qualitative data from industry stakeholders identified via machine learning and web scraping.
Findings reveal shared funding difficulties but distinct sectoral challenges: biotech firms struggle with access to affordable scale-up infrastructure, while agri-tech companies face collaboration issues due to misaligned stakeholder expectations. Skills shortages and regulatory complexities further hinder progress. However, targeted policy interventions, improved infrastructure for biotech, and stronger coordination in agri-tech could enhance innovation ecosystems. Tailored support mechanisms, such as flexible funding and accessible biomanufacturing facilities, are essential. A strategic, long-term approach is necessary to maintain the UK’s competitiveness and support sustainable growth in these sectors.