Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming urban development by enhancing efficiency, governance, and sustainability in smart cities. This paper examines the strategic role of AI in UK and global urban contexts, focusing on smart governance, transportation, energy, healthcare, mobility, education, and cybersecurity. Using a literature review, case studies, and comparative analysis, it identifies best practices, challenges, and ethical considerations. Findings suggest that AI’s potential extends beyond operational efficiency to ecosystem-wide value creation, yet widespread adoption is limited in the UK. Key challenges include ethical governance, data privacy, bias, and accountability. Recommendations include structured integration of AI within urban governance and smart city infrastructure, aligned with sustainability, inclusivity, and ethical standards.