Abstract
Employee performance assessment remains a critical function in contemporary organizational management, ensuring accountability, efficiency, and strategic alignment. In recent years, the integration of technology and data analytics has transformed performance evaluation methods, moving from traditional appraisal systems to AI-driven and competency-based frameworks. This literature review explores the evolution of performance assessment, current methodologies, technological advancements, and emerging challenges. The study critically analyzes scholarly contributions and industry reports to identify key trends, including the impact of AI, the shift to continuous feedback systems, and ethical concerns related to employee surveillance. The findings highlight the need for a balanced approach that integrates human judgment with technological innovations to achieve fairness and effectiveness in performance assessment.