Abstract
The recent interest in Blockchain technology has led many companies to leverage it to enhance supply chain performance. However, deep insights regarding how organisations build blockchain technology capability (BTC) and how BTC can help attain a competitive advantage are lacking in the literature. To address these questions, the study draws on the resource-based view (RBV) and recent work in blockchain technology and proposes a BTC model. The model is tested and refined using Delphi studies, identifying various resources that in combination build BTC. The model is employed to test the relationship between BTC and supply chain performance using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). This study develops a feasible route to improve firm performance by allocating technology, management, and talent resources to leverage BTC.