Abstract
Abstract
Within the Nigerian banking sector, sustainability reporting plays a critical role in addressing non-financial risks, enhancing corporate reputation, and strengthening stakeholder trust. Despite these developments, the practical value of sustainability reporting lies in its ability to deepen stakeholders’ engagement, as evidenced by customer satisfaction and loyalty, employee engagement and commitment, investor confidence, and reduced complaints and disputes. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the effect of sustainability reporting on stakeholders’ engagement in Nigerian Money Deposit Banks ( MDBs). To achieve this, the study adopted a mixed method, using Economic, Social and Governance reporting, under the GRI indices to measure sustainability reporting while a questionnaire was used to gather responses from participants. The study focused on only 12 banks quoted on the Nigerian Stock Exchange as of 2025. A total of 120 participants represent the study sample, and for the GRI standard, the study reviewed the annual reports of selected banks between 2015 and 2024. The study used PLS-SEM through SMARTPLS 4. The study found that ENVRR, GOVR, and SOCR have a positive and significant effect on all stakeholders’ engagement indicators (
). Based on this, the study concluded that sustainability reporting has a significant effect on stakeholders' engagement among MDBs in Nigeria. Hence, the study recommended that banks should convert sustainability reporting practices into understandable and stakeholder-oriented activities by connecting the environmental, social, and governance programs into measurable stakeholders’ engagement outcomes